John Harrod Jr. and Rachel Shepherd

  

MAJOR JOHN HARROD JR. (5944). (John Harrod had two sons by his first wife, John and Thomas. Source Draper Manuscripts 37J169-174. She was killed by Indians per Rachel Henton's book which reads, "John Harrod, great grandfather to Rachel Henton on her mother's side, came from England to America some years before the American Revolution . . . his wife was killed by Indians . . . he married again and had children by his second wife but where he lived afterwards or what became of him is not known now.")103 104    

John Harrod Jr. was born between 1727 and 1736 (John Herrod, son of John Harwood, is mentioned  by his death record in the Henton note book to have been born in 1736. This would suggest he was the first born son of the second marriage of John Harrod and Sarah Moore which is contradicted by other records. Swainson’s article in the Filson Club Quarterly says John was a son of John Harrod's first wife and cites Draper Mss as the source. I think the later is more likely correct. The Tenmile Country says he was born in Chester Co., Pennsylvania about 1734 as does the Bedford Co., Pennsylvania Archives Vol. 3. The Appalachian Frontier says “He settled in New Jersey across the Delaware River and a little later south of Philadelphia. There, his (John Harrod Sr) first two sons were born Thomas in 1724 and John, Jr., in 1727. Audrey Merriman says he was born 1727 on the Shenandoah in the valley of Virginia. American Revolutionary Soldiers of Franklin Co., Pennsylvania says John Harrod was born 1736. 105    

His first known record of military service was in 1753 Frederick Co., Maryland (He was in the French & Indian Wars, was captured and taken to Ft. Pitt. Member, Pennsylvania Light Horse Regt. per Bouquet Papers, 21644, vol. 2, p. 182; same, 21655, p. 103 as reported in Bedford Co., Pennsylvania Archives Vol. 3 106    

Audrey Merriman says he served as a volunteer in an expedition under Lt. Col. George Washington in 1754 but he had been a private in the Militia in Maryland before this. He served at Wills Creek, Forks of the Ohio, & was severely wounded & received a pension granted him by the Virginia House of Burgesses.  107    

He and JOHN COOMBS (3323) executed a deed on 3 Jul 1758 Shenandoah River, Frederick Co., Virginia (Frederick Co., Virgina deeds V. 1 p. 166 (Bk. 4, page 369 of the original deed book) Lease between John Harrold Jun. of Frederick County to John Combs of said county, 5 shillings, land on the south side of Shenandoah River, the same land purchased by said John Harrold Jun. from Aaron Harrold by deed of L & R in County Court of Frederick, corner to James Harrold's land, 78 acres. Signed John Harrell [sic] Witnessed by Hugh West, Jno. Lindsey Jun., James Wood Jun..108  Note: His name was misspelled several times in that deed.

He married RACHEL SHEPHERD (5945) on 5 Aug 1758 Germantown, Philadelphia Co., Pennsylvania.(Harrod Family Genealogy,  page 117 "John Harrod & Rachel Sheperd was married August 5th 1758" Added in different handwriting is "in Pennsylvania near Germantown, Philadelphia Co., and raised all their family at that place." Philadelphia is scratched out and "Fayette" written in. Fayette wasn't formed until 1783. Source: Rachel Henton's book. This conflicts with the statement made by William Harrod, son of John Jr., and Rachel Harrod, in his application for a pension. He said he "believed he was born in Berkeley County, Virginia on 26 Sept. 1764. . . that he was a resident of Bedford County, Pa." when he entered service in 1780. Note that he gave his birth date as 26 Sept. 1764, but it appears in Rachel Henton's book as Dec. 21. 1765. Audrey Merriman says “He married and brought his wife home to live with his stepmother, Sarah. He always remained on his father's plantation but his stepmother moved on with James to Ten Mile Creek. He had one known son, Thomas Harrod.”109    

In about 1768 he moved to Little Cove, Cumberland Co., Pennsylvania.(Hereward Records and Papers, page 322.” Moved to Bedford County after the French and Indian War per Scioto Gazette West Reserve Hist. So. Cleveland, Ohio V. IV p. 156.”)110    

He paid taxes between 1768 and 1771 in Ayr Twp., Cumberland Co., Pennsylvania. (Hereward Records and Papers, “page 211. John Herrod paid taxes on 50 acres. He probably lived on his deceased father's land in Ayr Twp., Cumberland Co., Pennsylvania by 1767-8.111   

He and Capt. Evan Shelby Jr. witnessed a will in 1770 Ayr Twp., Cumberland Co., Pennsylvania.(Helynn Carrier “John Harrod and Evan Shelby witnessed the will of James Ballo, per Carlisle, Book A P Wills, p. 131” and American Revolutionary Soldiers of Franklin Co., Pennsylvania “p. 96 “In 1770, the will of James Balls was dated and probated, naming a grandson Jonathan Shelby, a daughter Elizabeth and the witnesses Wm. John, Evan Shelby, John Harrod, Ayr Township.”).112    

He paid taxes again in 1774 in Little Cove, Bedford Co., Pennsylvania.(Hereward Records, p. 266)113    

He entered military service again on 9 Nov 1776 Pennsylvania.(Hereward Records and Papers, p. 253 pages 253. He was commissioned Quatermaster sergeant under the command of Lt. Evenezer Stevens. Source: Penna. Mag. Hist. & Bio. Vol. 24; Tenmile Country, p. 247 As a major in the Revolution he was captured when serving in Col. Parker's Regiment under Baron DeKalb. He was taken to Canada but after returning, his injuries made him unable to do further service and he retired to Bedford County, Pennsylvania. 114    

He paid taxes again in  1779 Ayr Twp., Bedford Co., Pennsylvania. (Bedford Co., Pennsylvania 1779-1784 (p. 18 He was listed as John Herod. He had no land, 3 horses and 5 head of cattle)115    

He died on 28 Dec 1781 Bedford Co., Pennsylvania.116    

John Harrod of Colonial Pennsylvana

I.  JOHN HARROD (5151) was born before 1707 in England (probably in the county of Bedford or Bucks). 

 

He might have immigrated in 1712 to New Jersey where a John Harrod served in the militia in 1715 Monmouth Co., New Jersey, as a Sergeant,  and he might have lived circa 1722  in New Jersey.   

He possibly married Mary Ames on 5 Jan 1727, but I haven’t found anything that verifies the name of his first wife who was killed by Indians. Most accounts list her as unknown.  He was away from home when Indians attacked his first wife in about 1732/33 in Little Cove, Pennsylvania.  ("In about 1732 or 1733, when Harrod and the two little boys by his first wife had gone on an occasion to visit some nearby relatives, and when the wife was busily engaged with the usual duties of a pioneer home, some Indians observed that she was alone. They broke in and killed her, plundered the house of all they wanted, and even cut off her hand in order to obtain the wedding ring Harrod had given her in England. They set fire to the house, and Harrod, seeing the smoke from his burning home, rushed back as quickly as possible.  As he approached, the Indians ran into the forest before he could get a shot at them. Upon his arrival, he was horrified to find that his wife had been killed and scalped. He discovered her hand in the canoe which the Indians had loaded with plunder from the house.")   

He married SARAH MOORE (5941), daughter of JOHN MOORE (7621) and ELIZABETH _______________ (7622), circa 1734 near the Shenandoah River, Virginia. (“My grandfather married my grandmother in Shenandoah Valley in 1736. She was named Sarah Moore. She was his second wife. He had a family by his first wife whose name I do not know. These were Thomas and John." Draper Mss. 371167)  (Chronicles of Border Wars p. 190 James Harrod's father emigrated from England to Virginia about 1734, and was one of the first settlers on the Shenandoah, in the Valley of Virginia. One of his sons, Samuel, accompanied Michael Stoner on his famous western hunting and exploring trip in 1767, another, William, born at the new family seat at Big Cove, in what is now Bedford County, Pa., served with distinction under George Rogers Clark.   Another source says he moved in 1734 from Wales. (John Herrod (Harrod) was one of the early Welsh settlers in the Little Cove and Connallaways (now Tonolloway) in Bedford County, Pennsylvania. According to Draper, John Harrod came to America in 1734, name of wife unknown.   

He moved in about 1737 to Little Cove, Cumberland Co., Pennsylvania.("The settlers in the Little Cove (now Franclin County) and on the Conolloways, at the time of Secretary Peters' visit to the Big Cove were: Joseph Coombs, John Herrod, Elias Stillwell, Rees Shelby, Levi Moore, Andrew Coombe, . . . By an act of March 29, 1798 all that part of Bedford, called the Little Cove and lying east of a line to begin in the Maryland line near the Great Cove or Tuscarora mountain . . . intersects the present line between Bedford and Frankkin Counties was annexed to Montgomery Township, Franklin County.) Note: Frederick County, Virginia was created out of northern portions of Augusta and Orange Counties, Frederick began to function as a political unit around 1743. Frederick county people came from several different sources: German and Scotch-Irish from Pennsylvania and Maryland, English settlers migrated to Hite's Fort near present Stephens City. English settlers from coastal counties also came there per Frederick County Marriages 1738 - 1850 by John Vogt and T. William Kethley, Jr

He appeared on the tax list between 1740 and 1750 in Little Cove, Peters Twp., Franklin Co., Pennsylvania.   

Between 1747 and 1750 he lived in Big Cove, Lancaster Co., Pennsylvania. (Source: Pennsylvania Colonial Records. In a letter of May 1750 from Secretary Richard Peters to the Colonial governor, secretary Peters had been sent into what is now Cumberland and adjoining counties in Pennsylvania to warn people off the land which had not yet been purchased from the Indians. It was on this trip that the story of the "Burnt Cabins" occurred. Trader George Croghan was with Peters in the Augwick Valley where he had a home. When the commission went to the Little Cove and Big Cove, they report that they ordered a number of persons off their improvements, including John Harrod. This was at a time when William Harrod Jr. reports that his grandfather as living in the Big Cove. It was the same area that saw James and William Harrod begin their military service under Forbes and where William Harrod got his first commission a few years later. John Harrod had been there at least 3 years)

Between 31 May 1749 and early 1750 an area of land was in dispute between  Frederick Co., Maryland and Cumberland Co., Pennsylvania between 31 May 1749 and __ ___ 1750 Little Cove, Pennsylvania/Maryland. A petition was circulated favoring Pennsylvania and John Harrod signed it.  (Conolloway Letter of Late 1749 or Early 1750 Source: Minutes of the Provincial Council, pages 453 & 454)

"Petition of the Settlers of the Little Cove on the Temporary Line,

"To the Honourable Thomas Penn and Richard Penn, Esquires, true and absolute Proprietaries of the Province of Pennsylvania, &

"The Petition of Subscribers, Inhabitants of small Tracts of Land situate Westward of the Kittochtinny or Blue Hills, at a place known by the Name of the Little Cove and Conolloway's Creek, humbly sheweth:

"Whereas, sundry Inhabitants of the Province of Maryland (some of 'em vested with Authority) divers times within these three Years past have attempted to survey and take possession of the aforesaid Tracts, being at or near where the Temporary Line when extended will run, as we believe; We, therefore, willing to live under the Protection of the good Constitution and Government of the Province of Pennsylvania, have hitherto prevented the various Attempts of the People of Maryland, and have preseumed to seat ourselves and made small improvements on the said lands.

"As we have done this purely to defend it from the People of Maryland, and not in contempt of the laws of the Province of Pennsylvania nor the Governor's Proclamation, we humbly pray that we may be permitted to live on our respective Improvements at least until the Temporary Line shall be extended.

"And your Petitioners shall pray, &

Whether the Tonoloways Settlement was actually in  Frederick Co, MD or Cumberland Co, PA was unresolved, and whether it was Indian land or not even a more critical issue.

Joseph Coombs, John Harrod and Andrew Coombs were 3 of the 21 men who signed.

John Harrod was on the tax list in 1750 Little Cove District, Cumberland Co., Pennsylvania.  

In May 1750 he lived in  Little Cove, Cumberland Co., Pennsylvania (this was Lancaster County until 1750 when Cumberland County was formed).

In 1753 Frederick Co., Maryland. John and William Hearwood were on the muster roll of Capt. Moses Chapline during the French and Indian war. (Sheperdstown was across the Potomac River from Frederick Co., Maryland and was close enough for relatives living on both sides of the river to keep in touch. The nearest fort was probably on the Maryland side. This may account for the names of John and Willaim Harrod (Harwood) being on the roll of Capt. Chapline's Company in Frederick Co., Maryland in 1753. William was living in Little Cove at the time. It was just over the line in Pennsylvania. John enlisted as a corporal and was promoted to sergeant.)

John Harrod was on the list of the Ft. Necessity battlefield  3 Jul 1754 Fort Necessity, Virginia / Pennsylvania. This area is now located in Farmington, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania.   

 

The reconstructed Fort Necessity.

On 2 Nov 1755 a tragedy occurred at Big Cove, Cumberland Co., Pennsylvania. p. 54. "In the morning of Sunday, the 2d of November, the Indian allies of the French attacked the Great Cove settlement, Cumberland County, killed six persons, and carried away seventeen prisoners. On the same day Benjamin Chambers wrote from Fallow Spring (source Col. Rec., vol. vi. p. 675) 'To the Inhabitants of the Lower Part of the county of Cumberland. If you intend to go to the assistance of your neighbors, you need not wait any longer for Certainty of News. The Great Cove is destroyed. James Campbell left this Company last night and went to the Fort at Mr. Steel's Meeting House, and there saw some of the Inhabitants of the Great Cove, who gave this account, that as they came over the Hill they saw their houses in flames. The messenger says there is but one hundred, and that they divided into two parts, the one part to go against the Cove, and the other against the Conolloways and that there are no French among them. They are Delaware and Shawanese. . . The people of the Cove that came off saw several men lying dead; they heard the murder shout and the firing of Guns, and saw the Indians going into the Houses that they had come out of before they left sight of the Cove. . . '"  

3 Nov 1755 Little Cove, Cumberland Co., Pennsylvania. "On the day following the massacre and burning at Great Cove the settlements at Little Cove and Conoloways were attacked, all the houses burned, and several persons carried away as prisoners. Mr. Potter, sheriff of Cumberland County, reported 'that of ninety-three families which were settled in the two Coves and the Conolloways forty-seven were either killed or taken and the rest deserted.'”    

It is possible that John Harrod, Sr. died in this war with the Indians and some researchers believe that he did, but Chronicles of Border Warfare reports, “"In November 1755, a raid was made on the Big Cove settlement, by the Delaware chief Shingiss, but the Harrods were among the few families who escaped unharmed to Fort Littleton. Fort Littleton was a 100-foot square stockade with four bastions. It was used by the Pennsylvinia colonial militia. This fort no longer exists. It was located just northeast of the town. The name of the town was later altered."

John Harrod had died before 24 Mar 1767 Ayr Twp., Cumberland Co., Pennsylvania after paying taxes and before his son William bought Buchanan's land described as adjoining lands of John Harwood deceased. Alexander Buchanan sold a tract of land to William Harrod. It was located on the northeast by the lands of 'John Harwood, deceased' . . . in Little Cove, Air Twp., Cumberland Co. . . '. The name is spelled Harwood in the deed but a Note Bene is signed by William as 'Wm. Harrod' per Draper Manuscripts 4NN3. His grandson, William Harrod Jr., said that John died when James was about 12 years of age and that James was born in 1742 per Draper Manuscripts 37J167 (a letter), but Major John Griffin Fauntleroy who married Margaret Harrod said that James was born in 1746 on the eastern of the Susquehannah and Potomac region as informed by William Harrod . . . James was attached to a company of men at 14 years of age' per Draper MSS 12C23 and 12C22. Mrs. James Harrod, age 86 in 1842, said her husband was 10 years older than she which would make him born in 1746 as Fauntleroy states per Draper MSS 12C22. John Harrod Sr. was deceased before March 24, 1767, when his son William bought Buchanan's land in Ayr Twp., Cumberland County. This land was described as "bounded by the lands of John Harwood deceased . . ." The description indicates that his estate had not been settled and hence that John Jr. was not the owner and would not have paid the taxes on 100 acres recorded as having been paid by John Harrod in 1763 and 1767. 

Sources and notes:

Helynn M. Carrier (deceased), Another Fresh Start in the Search for "My" William Harrod (601 South Baywood Ave., San Jose, CA 95128-3302: privately published, November 7, 1998).  

William Harrod by Herlynn Carrier, page 1, source The Harrods of Happy Hollow by Homer C. Richie, shows no documentary evidence. Says James Harrod came from Bedfordshire, England ca. 1717 with his wife and sons; Audrey Merriman, "John Harrod Family Group Sheet", 12 November 1984 (624 Carola St., Creve Coeur, IL 61611). Her sources were "James Harrod of Kentucky" by K.H. Mason, "Kentucky Pioneers and Their Descendants" by Fowler pp. 57-8, "The Ten Mile Country and It's Pioneer Families" by H.S. Leckey p. 20 & p. 11., "John Harrod I came with his father and brothers and lived first in New Jersey, came about 1712. His father was James Harrod. Later he settled on the Shenandoah in the Valley of Virginia". "John Harrod FGS;" Cheryl Paulson, "Harrod Family Group Sheets", 2 Nov. 1984 (328 Dawn Court, Ridgecrest, CA 93555). No source citations were provided.. 

Bernice Lewis Swainson, "Harrod Family Genealogy and The Moore Family," The Filson Club History Quarterly  Vol. 32, No. 2 and 3 (April - July 1958): page 111 He was born in England, probably in the county of Bedford or Bucks. and Life on the Appalachian Frontier, online http://www.northern.wvnet.edu/~gnorton/ss207/applec9.html, The author of this paper says he was born in 1700 and came from Bedfordshire, England. 

 Merriman, "John Harrod FGS", Her sources were "James Harrod of Kentucky" by K.H. Mason, "Kentucky Pioneers and Their Descendants" by Fowler pp. 57-8, "The Ten Mile Country and It's Pioneer Families" by H.S. Leckey p. 20 & p. 11., "John Harrod I came with his father and brothers and lived first in New Jersey, came about 1712. His father was James Harrod."

Howard L. Leckey, compiler, The Tenmile Country and Its Pioneer Families: A Genealogical History of the Upper Monongahela Valley (1935 Sampson Dr., Appollo, PA 15613-9208: Closson Press, 1997), p. 9, 240. A John Harrod was a sergeant in the Militia there. He served under the command of Col. Pfarmer and Capt. Leonard. Source: Old East New York Vol. 5, pp. 670. A David Harrod was on the tax list there in 1714. Swainson, "Harrod Family by Swainson", p. 108. She says that John Herod who was a sergeant in Capt. Farmer's Company of Militia at Woodbridge, New Jersey was probably a son of David Herriott of Woodbridge, whose will was dated 10 Aug. 1725. There was a John Harwood who lived at Amboy, New Jersey in 1731.

Appalachian Frontier, online http://www.northern.wvnet.edu/~gnorton/ss207/applec9.html, He settled in New Jersey across the Delaware River and a little later south of Philadelphia.The author of this paper says he came from Bedfordshire, England.

 "Harrod Family", No source citations were provided., p. Says he married Mary Ames  5 Jan 1727 but can this be verified?

 Appalachian Frontier, online http://www.northern.wvnet.edu/~gnorton/ss207/applec9.html, In about 1732 or 1733, when Harrod and the two little boys had gone on an occasion to visit some nearby relatives, and when the wife was busily engaged with the usual duties of a pioneer home, some Indians observed that she was alone. They broke in and killed her, plundered the house of all they wanted, and even cut off her hand in order to obtain the wedding ring Harrod had given her in England. They set fire to the house, and Harrod, seeing the smoke from his burning home, rushed back as quickly as possible.  As he approached, the Indians ran into the forest before he could get a shot at them. Upon his arrival, he was horrified to find that his wife had been killed and scalped. He discovered her hand in the canoe which the Indians had loaded with plunder from the house

 

Susan W. Atkins, compiler, Hereward Records and Papers 1620-1940: 329 Years of History and Genealogy (Greenfield, IN: privately published, 1940), page 171 William Harrod Jr., son of Captain William Harrod to Dr. Draper, "I do not remember the name of my grandfather. Possibly is was Thomas or Samuel. My grandfather married my grandmother in Shenandoah Valley in 1736. She was named Sarah Moore. She was his second wife. He had a family by his first wife whose name I do not know. These were Thomas and John." Draper Mss. 371167; Swainson, "Harrod Family by Swainson", p. 109. "Mrs. Susan W. Atkins used a 'quotation' which she said was taken from the Draper Collection. It refers to the marriage of John Harrod and Sarah Moore and reads: 'in the Shenandoah Valley in 1736.' The original record does not contain a date and reads: 'married Sarah Moore on Shenandoah; eldest son Samuel was born there;' Appalachian Frontier, online http://www.northern.wvnet.edu/~gnorton/ss207/applec9.html, He remarried, this time to Sarah Moore, of Maryland; Swainson, "Harrod Family by Swainson", page 112 After his first wife was killed by Indians, John removed to Virginia where, about 1734, he married Sarah Moore 'on Shenandoah' and where some of their children were born. Draper Manuscripts 37J169-174 and Wither's Chronicles of Border Warfare (1912 edited by Reuben G. Thwaites) p. 190, Sketch of William Harrod.

 Alexander Scott Withers, Chronicles of Border Warfare or a History of the Settlement by the Whites of Northwestern Virginia and of the Indian Wars and Massacres in that Section of the State (Parsons, WV: McClain Printing Co., 1895, 1970), p. 190 James Harrod's father emigrated from England to Virginia about 1734, and was one of the first settlers on the Shenandoah, in the Valley of Virginia. One of his sons, Samuel, accompanied Michael Stoner on his famous western hunting and exploring trip in 1767, another, William, born at the new family seat at Big Cove, in what is now Bedford County, Pa., served with distinction under George Rogers Clark..

 Virginia Shannon Fendrick, compiler, American Revolutionary Soldiers of Franklin County, Pennsylvania (Chambersburg, PA: DAR: Franklin County Chapter, ca 1944), p. 96 John Herrod (Harrod) was one of the early Welsh settlers in the Little Cove and Connallaways (now Tonolloway) in Bedford County, Pennsylvania. According to Draper, John Harrod came to America in 1734, name of wife unknown.. 

 

Appalachian Frontier, online http://www.northern.wvnet.edu/~gnorton/ss207/applec9.html, They moved to the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, where they established a new home. Here John's third son, Samuel was born in 1735.

 Appalachian Frontier, online http://www.northern.wvnet.edu/~gnorton/ss207/applec9.html, After two years, the family moved to Little Cove, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania.

 Atkins, Hereward Records and Papers, pages 171 and 178; unknown author, History of Bedford, Somerset and Fulton Counties, Pennsylvania 1884 (Chicago: Waterman, Watkins & Co., 1884), p. 595 "The settlers in the Little Cove (now Franclin County) and on the Conolloways, at the time of Secretary Peters' visit to the Big Cove were: Joseph Coombs, John Herrod, Elias Stillwell, Rees Shelby, Levi Moore, Andrew Coombe, . . . " "By an act of March 29, 1798 all that part of Bedford, called the Little Cove and lying east of a line to begin in the Maryland line near the Great Cove or Tuscarora mountain . . . intersects the present line between Bedford and Franlkin Counties was annexed to Montgomery Towhnship, Franklin County..

 This was Lancaster County until 1750 when Cumberland was formed; Howard L. Leckey, Tenmile Country, pp. 244, 247 Source: Pennsylvania Colonial Records. In a letter of May 1750 from Secretary Richard Peters to the Colonial governor, secretary Peters had been sent into what is now Cumberland and adjoining counties in Pennsylvania to warn people off the land which had not yet been purchased from the Indians. It was on this trip that the story of the "Burnt Cabins" occurred. Trader George Croghan was with Peters in the Augwick Valley where he had a home. When the commission went to the Little Cove and Big Cove, they report that they ordered a number of persons off their improvements, including John Harrod. This was at a time when William Harrod Jr. reports that his grandfather as living in the Big Cove. It was the same area that saw James and William Harrod begin their military service under Forbes and where William Harrod got his first commission a few years later. John Harrod had been there at least 3 years.

 

Coombs Family Organization, online http://www.combs-families.org/, Conolloway Letter of Late 1749 or Early 1750 (Source: Minutes of the Provincial Council, pages 453 & 454)

"Petition of the Settlers of the Little Cove on the Temporary Line,

"To the Honourable Thomas Penn and Richard Penn, Esquires, true and absolute Proprietaries of the Province of Pennsylvania, &

"The Petition of Subscribers, Inhabitants of small Tracts of Land situate Westward of the Kittochtinny or Blue Hills, at a place known by the Name of the Little Cove and Conolloway's Creek, humbly sheweth:

"Whereas, sundry Inhabitants of the Province of Maryland (some of 'em vested with Authority) divers times within these three Years past have attempted to survey and take possession of the aforesaid Tracts, being at or near where the Temporary Line when extended will run, as we believe; We, therefore, willing to live under the Protection of the good Constitution and Government of the Province of Pennsylvania, have hitherto prevented the various Attempts of the People of Maryland, and have preseumed to seat ourselves and made small improvements on the said lands.

"As we have done this purely to defend it from the People of Maryland, and not in contempt of the laws of the Province of Pennsylvania nor the Governor's Proclamation, we humbly pray that we may be permitted to live on our respective Improvements at least until the Temporary Line shall be extended.

"And your Petitioners shall pray, &

Whether the Tonoloways Settlement was actually in  Frederick Co, MD or Cumberland Co, PA was unresolved, and whether it was Indian land or not even a more critical issue.

Joseph Coombs, John Harrod and Andrew Coombs were 3 of the 21 men who signed.

 

Per History of Bedford County, Chapter XXXVIII, The settlers at the Little Cove & Conalloways were Joseph Coombe, John Herrod, Rees Shelby, William Morgan, Andrew Coombs and others; Carrier, William Harrod by Herlynn Carrier, page 266

  

Minutes of Provincial Council of Pennsylvania, Vol. 5 pp. 453-4.

 

Atkins, Hereward Records and Papers, pages 200-201. John and William Hearwood were on the muster roll of Capt. Moses Chapline during the French and Indian war; aSwainson, "Harrod Family by Swainson", page 115 Sheperdstown was across the Potomac River from Frederick Co., Maryland and was close enough for relatives living on both sides of the river to keep in touch. The nearest fort was probably on the Maryland side. This may account for the names of John and Willaim Harrod (Harwood) being on the roll of Capt. Chapline's Company in Frederick Co., Maryland in 1753. William was living in Little Cove at the time. It was just over the line in Pennsylvania.

 Atkins, Hereward Records and Papers, pages 199-200. John Harrod, first as a Corporal and later as a Sargeant was on the Muster Roll of Capt. Joseph Chapline.

  Fort Necessity National Battlefield: Roster of Virginia Militia, online http://www.nps.gov/fone/rostersep.htm, Perhaps the John Harwood on this list was John Harrod. This area is now located in Farmington, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Hereinafter cited as Fort Necessity Roster.

 Boyd Crumrine, History of Washington County Pennsylvania with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men (1882; reprint 1935 Sampson Drive, Apollo, PA 15613-9208: Closson Press, 1999), p. 54. "In the morning of Sunday, the 2d of November, the Indian allies of the French attacked the Great Cove settlement, Cumberland County, killed six persons, and carried away seventeen prisioners. On the same day Benjamin Chambers wrote from Fallow Spring (source Col. Rec., vol. vi. p. 675) 'To the Inhabitants of the Lower Part of the county of Cumberland. If you intend to go to the assistance of your neighbors, you need not wait any longer for Certainty of News. The Great Cove is destroyed. James Campbell left this Company last night and went to the Fort at Mr. Steel's Meeting House, and there saw some of the Inhabitants of the Great Cove, who gave this account, that as they came over the Hill they saw their houses in flames. The messenger says there is but one hundred, and that they divided into two parts, the one part to go against the Cove, and the other against the Conolloways and that there are no French among them. They are Delaware and Shawanese. . . The people of the Cove that came off saw several men lying dead; they heard the murder shout and the firing of Guns, and saw the Indians going into the Houses that they had come out of before they left sight of the Cove. . . '". 

 Crumrine, History of Washington Co PA, p. 54. "On the day following the massacre and burning at Great Cove the settlements at Little Cove and Conoloways were attacked, all the houses burned, and several persons carried away as prisoners. Mr. Potter, sheriff of Cumberland County, reported 'that of ninety-three families which were settled in the two Coves and the Conolloways forty-seven were either killed or taken and the rest deserted.'"

 Harry E. Foreman, "The Story of the Fort," Kittochtinny Historical Society: Papers Read Before the Society  Vol. XV (2 April 1964): p. 54 "The writer is certain that some of the Harrods were in the fort when it was attacked. I believe this is where and when John Harrod, Sr. died in 1755.". Hereinafter cited as "Story of the Fort;" Withers, Chronicles of Border Warfare, p. 190 "In November 1755, a raid was made on the Big Cove settlement, by the Delaware chief Shingiss, but the Harrods were among the few families who escaped unharbed to Fort Littleton."

 Atkins, Hereward Records and Papers, pages 211, 221 On 24 March 1767 William bought Buchanan's land described as adjoining lands of John Harwood deceased. I believe John Sr. died in about 1755; aSwainson, "Harrod Family by Swainson", page 113  On March 24, 1767, Alexander Buchanan sold a tract of land to William Harrod. It was located on the northeast by the lands of 'John Harwood, deceased' . . . in Little Cove, Air Twp., Cumberland Co. . . '. The name is spelled Harwood in the deed but a Note Bene is signed by William as 'Wm. Harrod' per Draper Manuscripts 4NN3. His grandson, William Harrod Jr., said that John died when James was about 12 years of age and that James was born in 1742 per Draper Manuscripts 37J167 (a letter), but Major John Griffin Fauntleroy who married Margaret Harrod said that James was born in 1746 on the eastern of the Susquehannah and Potomac region as informed by William Harrod . . . James was attached to a company of men at 14 years of age' per Draper MSS 12C23 and 12C22. Mrs. James Harrod, age 86 in 1842, said her husband was 10 years older than she which would make him born in 1746 as Fauntleroy states per Draper MSS 12C22. John Harrod Sr. was deceased before March 24, 1767, when his son William bought Buchanan's land in Ayr Twp., Cumberland County. This land was described as "bounded by the lands of John Harwood deceased . . ." The description indicates that his estate had not been settled and hence that John Jr. was not the owner and would not have paid the taxes on 100 acres recorded as having been paid by John Harrod in 1763 and 1767; Coombs Families, online http://www.combs-families.org/, Perhaps he died in an Indian attack described in Coombs Fort of the Tonoloways Settlement of Maryland and Pennsylvania. 1 Nov. 1755  A party of about one hundred Indians (Shawnees & Delawares) entered the Great Cove and began murdering the defenseless inhabitants and destroying their property. The savages divided into two parties, one of which attacked the inhabitants of the Cove, and the other swept down upon the Conolloways. All the settlers who had warning of the approach of the savages fled. Many thus saved their lives, and going into the neighboring settlements, gave the alarm to the inhabitants....On November 14 (1755) Sheriff Potter made the following statement to Provincial authorities in Philadelphia "Twenty seven plantations were burnt and a great quantity of cattle killed. A woman ninety three years of age was found lying killed, with her breast torn off and a stake run through her body. Of ninety three families which were settled in the two Coves and the Conolloways, forty seven were either killed or taken and the rest had deserted." [ History of Bedford, Somerset & Fulton Counties, PA (1884)]; Appalachian Frontier, online http://www.northern.wvnet.edu/~gnorton/ss207/applec9.html, He died in 1754; Withers, Chronicles of Border Warfare, p. 190 "In November 1755, a raid was made on the Big Cove settlement, by the Delaware chief Shingiss, but the Harrods were among the few families who escaped unharmed to Fort Littleton."

Swainson, "Harrod Family by Swainson", page 112 John Harrod had two sons by his first wife, John and Thomas. Her source was the Draper Manuscripts 37J169-174. She was killed by Indians per Rachel Henton's book; Carrier, William Harrod by Herlynn Carrier, Segment Two - A page 18 - per Mary Carroll Hillis; Cheryl Paulson, "Harrod Family Group Sheets", 2 Nov. 1984 (328 Dawn Court, Ridgecrest, CA 93555). No source citations were provided.